INTRODUCTION
HIV counselling is becoming a critical proposition in HIV prevention and
management. HIV counselling helps pregnant women take good care of
themselves while minimizing the risk of spreading the infection to the fetus. Similarly, HIV counselling helps patients better manage their condition and prevents the spread of disease.
HIV AND HIV INFECTION
HIV, also known as Human Immunodeficiency Virus, causes HIV infection in humans. The infection may progress to become Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). HIV attacks the patient’s immune system, and the person is not able to fight against this virus, resulting in infection. As the patient’s immune system gets compromised, the risk of opportunistic infection increases, and the patient suffers from recurring infections. Further, the risk of cancer significantly increases as the immune system keeps a check on the malignant cells in the initial stage.
HIGH-RISK GROUPS
Best sexologist in India, Although HIV can develop in any person, certain groups are at more risk when compared to other people in society. These people should have to take extra care of themselves. They should implement sufficient precautionary measures to prevent developing HIV infection. Some of the high-risk groups include:
Medical Professionals: Contaminated blood may be a source of transmission of HIV infection, and it has been recognized as one of the most potent sources of spreading not only HIV but also other pathological diseases in healthcare workers. Thus, medical professionals should have detailed knowledge about how to prevent the transmission of this infection.
LGBT: LGBT stands for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender. These groups are at high risk of contracting HIV infection. Of the above category, lesbian and bisexual females are at increased risk of HIV infection.
Best sexologist in delhi Sex Workers: Female sex workers are at high risk of developing HIV infection. The trouble is even high in developing countries. The risk of female sex workers living with HIV is 13.5%. In comparison, the risk is increased to 30% when the geography is narrowed down to Asia.
A person with frequent exposure to sex workers: People who have regular exposure to sex workers and indulge in unprotected sexual intercourse are at higher risk of getting HIV.
CAUSES OF HIV INFECTION
There are various causes for HIV infection, but the prerequisite for such an infection is the exposure of body fluid to HIV. AIDS is not transmitted through air, water, shaking hands, kissing, dancing with the infected person or hugging. The following are the various causes of HIV infection:
Unprotected Sexual activity: If the sexual activity is done without any protection, such as a condom, and the partner is infected with the virus, the virus would enter the body through semen or vaginal secretion. Therefore, it is always advisable to have protected sex.
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